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Benjamin Bell
Benjamin Bell of Hunthill FRSE FRCSEd (6 September 1749 – 5 April 1806) is considered to be the first Scottish scientific surgeon. He is commonly described as the father of the Edinburgh school of surgery,〔Richardson BWS, Martin MSM. Disciples of Æsculapius ... With a life of the author by his daughter Mrs. George Martin ... With portraits, etc: 2 vol. Hutchinson & Co.: London; 1900.〕〔Miles A. The Edinburgh school of surgery before Lister. London: A. & C. Black, ltd.; 1918.https://archive.org/details/edinburghschoolo00milerich〕 or the first of the Edinburgh scientific surgeons.〔Comrie JD, Wellcome Historical Medical Museum. History of Scottish medicine to 1860. London: Bailliáere, Tindall & Cox for the Wellcome Historical Medical Museum; 1927.http://www.electricscotland.com/history/medical/medicine1.pdf〕〔Guthrie D. A history of medicine. New and rev. ed. London ; New York: Nelson; 1958.https://archive.org/details/historyofmedicin035119mbp〕〔Dingwall H. M. (A history of Scottish medicine: themes and influences ). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002 ISBN 0-7486-0865-6.〕 He published medical works of significance, notably his surgical textbook ''A System of Surgery'' which became a best seller throughout Europe and in America. His treatise on venereal disease was the first to suggest that syphilis and gonorrhea were different diseases, a hypothesis which was not accepted by mainstream medicine until many decades later. Bell's main contribution to surgical practice was his adage 'save skin', which led to improved rates of wound healing in operations like mastectomy and limb amputation. He was also an early advocate of routine pain relief in surgery.〔Macintyre I.M.C. (Scientific surgeon of the Enlightenment or 'plagiarist in everything': a reappraisal of Benjamin Bell (1749–1806)J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 2011 Jun;41(2):174-81. doi: 10.4997/JRCPE.2011.211 ).〕
==Early life==
Benjamin Bell was born in Dumfries on 6 September 1749, the eldest surviving child in a family of 15 children. His father George Bell (1722–1813) farmed at Woodhouselees, a mile south of the village of Canonbie in Dumfriesshire. In addition to farming, George Bell was involved in a series of business ventures which met with mixed success. This background of modest wealth was to prove important for his son Benjamin in later life, allowing him to visit surgeons in London and Paris and enabling him to take time away from his surgical practice to write a major textbook. The family tradition in agriculture was to re-emerge towards the end of his life. His family also owned Blackett House in Middlebie Parish (Dumfriesshire), which Bell was later to sell to fund the education of his family. His early education was at Dumfries Grammar school.
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